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Skiing in Vermont is my idea of relaxation. (Gerund phrase—Skiing in Vermont is the subject of the sentence.)
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Skiing down the icy slope, I fell and broke my leg. (Participial phrase—Skiing down the icy slope is a present participial phrase that modifies the pronoun I.)
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To ski every winter in Colorado will get very expensive. (Infinitive phrase—To ski every winter in Colorado is a noun phrase functioning as the subject of the sentence.)
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Having been chosen for the lead role, she suddenly developed severe stage fright. (Participial phrase—Having been chosen for the lead role is a present participial phrase that modifies the pronoun she.)
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Lending money to a friend is a sure way to end a friendship. (Gerund phrase—Lending money to a friend is the subject of the sentence.)
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Knowing how to access the internet for information is a valuable skill. (Gerund phrase—Knowing how to access the internet for information is the subject of the sentence.)
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He likes to ice skate with his partner at an ice dance competition, but his true love is to compete on the ice with his hockey team. (Infinitive phrases—to ice skate with his partner at an ice dance competition and to compete on the ice with his hockey team are both noun phrases. The first one is a direct object of the verb likes, and the second one is a predicate nominative.)
- Convinced that he could win the election, he hired a campaign manager. (Participial phrase—Convinced that he could win the election is a past participial phrase that modifies the pronoun he.)
